Opana should be used with caution when it is prescribed to the elderly, as these individuals are likely to be much more sensitive to the drug's effects.
Studies indicate that elevated levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), a protein associated with inflammation, in cocaine abusers is associated with endothelial abnormalities and coronary artery calcification; factors known to contribute to heart disease.
Only a fragment of the morphine used in the U.S. that is derived from opium is used as morphine, while the remaining amount is converted to codeine and other morphine derivatives.
Methadone can be prescribed by a doctor for pain relief, but can only be prescribed for addiction treatment by physicians who liaise with methadone clinics.